Orchestrate an end-to-end ETL pipeline utilizing Amazon S3, AWS Glue, and Amazon Redshift Serverless with Amazon MWAA

Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (Amazon MWAA) is a managed orchestration service for Apache Airflow that you should use to arrange and function information pipelines within the cloud at scale. Apache Airflow is an open supply instrument used to programmatically creator, schedule, and monitor sequences of processes and duties, known as workflows. With Amazon MWAA, you should use Apache Airflow and Python to create workflows with out having to handle the underlying infrastructure for scalability, availability, and safety.

Through the use of a number of AWS accounts, organizations can successfully scale their workloads and handle their complexity as they develop. This method supplies a sturdy mechanism to mitigate the potential affect of disruptions or failures, ensuring that important workloads stay operational. Moreover, it allows value optimization by aligning assets with particular use instances, ensuring that bills are nicely managed. By isolating workloads with particular safety necessities or compliance wants, organizations can keep the very best ranges of knowledge privateness and safety. Moreover, the flexibility to arrange a number of AWS accounts in a structured method means that you can align your small business processes and assets in response to your distinctive operational, regulatory, and budgetary necessities. This method promotes effectivity, flexibility, and scalability, enabling massive enterprises to satisfy their evolving wants and obtain their objectives.

This put up demonstrates tips on how to orchestrate an end-to-end extract, remodel, and cargo (ETL) pipeline utilizing Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3), AWS Glue, and Amazon Redshift Serverless with Amazon MWAA.

Resolution overview

For this put up, we take into account a use case the place an information engineering crew desires to construct an ETL course of and provides the very best expertise to their end-users once they wish to question the most recent information after new uncooked information are added to Amazon S3 within the central account (Account A within the following structure diagram). The info engineering crew desires to separate the uncooked information into its personal AWS account (Account B within the diagram) for elevated safety and management. Additionally they wish to carry out the info processing and transformation work in their very own account (Account B) to compartmentalize duties and forestall any unintended modifications to the supply uncooked information current within the central account (Account A). This method permits the crew to course of the uncooked information extracted from Account A to Account B, which is devoted for information dealing with duties. This makes positive the uncooked and processed information could be maintained securely separated throughout a number of accounts, if required, for enhanced information governance and safety.

Our resolution makes use of an end-to-end ETL pipeline orchestrated by Amazon MWAA that appears for brand spanking new incremental information in an Amazon S3 location in Account A, the place the uncooked information is current. That is performed by invoking AWS Glue ETL jobs and writing to information objects in a Redshift Serverless cluster in Account B. The pipeline then begins working stored procedures and SQL instructions on Redshift Serverless. Because the queries end working, an UNLOAD operation is invoked from the Redshift information warehouse to the S3 bucket in Account A.

As a result of safety is essential, this put up additionally covers tips on how to configure an Airflow connection utilizing AWS Secrets Manager to keep away from storing database credentials inside Airflow connections and variables.

The next diagram illustrates the architectural overview of the parts concerned within the orchestration of the workflow.

The workflow consists of the next parts:

• The supply and goal S3 buckets are in a central account (Account A), whereas Amazon MWAA, AWS Glue, and Amazon Redshift are in a unique account (Account B). Cross-account entry has been arrange between S3 buckets in Account A with assets in Account B to have the ability to load and unload information.
• Within the second account, Amazon MWAA is hosted in a single VPC and Redshift Serverless in a unique VPC, that are linked by way of VPC peering. A Redshift Serverless workgroup is secured inside non-public subnets throughout three Availability Zones.
• Secrets and techniques like person title, password, DB port, and AWS Area for Redshift Serverless are saved in Secrets and techniques Supervisor.
• VPC endpoints are created for Amazon S3 and Secrets and techniques Supervisor to work together with different assets.
• Often, information engineers create an Airflow Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) and commit their modifications to GitHub. With GitHub actions, they’re deployed to an S3 bucket in Account B (for this put up, we add the information into S3 bucket instantly). The S3 bucket shops Airflow-related information like DAG information, necessities.txt information, and plugins. AWS Glue ETL scripts and property are saved in one other S3 bucket. This separation helps keep group and keep away from confusion.
• The Airflow DAG makes use of varied operators, sensors, connections, duties, and guidelines to run the info pipeline as wanted.
• The Airflow logs are logged in Amazon CloudWatch, and alerts could be configured for monitoring duties. For extra data, see Monitoring dashboards and alarms on Amazon MWAA.

Conditions

As a result of this resolution facilities round utilizing Amazon MWAA to orchestrate the ETL pipeline, you should arrange sure foundational assets throughout accounts beforehand. Particularly, you should create the S3 buckets and folders, AWS Glue assets, and Redshift Serverless assets of their respective accounts previous to implementing the total workflow integration utilizing Amazon MWAA.

Deploy assets in Account A utilizing AWS CloudFormation

In Account A, launch the supplied AWS CloudFormation stack to create the next assets:

• The supply and goal S3 buckets and folders. As a greatest apply, the enter and output bucket constructions are formatted with hive type partitioning as s3://<bucket>/merchandise/YYYY/MM/DD/.
• A pattern dataset referred to as merchandise.csv, which we use on this put up.

Add the AWS Glue job to Amazon S3 in Account B

In Account B, create an Amazon S3 location referred to as aws-glue-assets-<account-id>-<area>/scripts (if not current). Exchange the parameters for the account ID and Area within the sample_glue_job.py script and add the AWS Glue job file to the Amazon S3 location.

Deploy assets in Account B utilizing AWS CloudFormation

In Account B, launch the supplied CloudFormation stack template to create the next assets:

• The S3 bucket airflow-<username>-bucket to retailer Airflow-related information with the next construction:
  • dags – The folder for DAG information.
  • plugins – The file for any customized or neighborhood Airflow plugins.
  • necessities – The necessities.txt file for any Python packages.
  • scripts – Any SQL scripts used within the DAG.
  • information – Any datasets used within the DAG.
• A Redshift Serverless atmosphere. The title of the workgroup and namespace are prefixed with pattern.
• An AWS Glue atmosphere, which comprises the next:
  • An AWS Glue crawler, which crawls the info from the S3 supply bucket sample-inp-bucket-etl-<username> in Account A.
  • A database referred to as products_db within the AWS Glue Information Catalog.
  • An ELT job referred to as sample_glue_job. This job can learn information from the merchandise desk within the Information Catalog and cargo information into the Redshift desk merchandise.
• A VPC gateway endpointto Amazon S3.
• An Amazon MWAA atmosphere. For detailed steps to create an Amazon MWAA atmosphere utilizing the Amazon MWAA console, confer with Introducing Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (MWAA).

Create Amazon Redshift assets

Create two tables and a saved process on an Redshift Serverless workgroup utilizing the products.sql file.

On this instance, we create two tables referred to as merchandise and products_f. The title of the saved process is sp_products.

Configure Airflow permissions

After the Amazon MWAA atmosphere is created efficiently, the standing will present as Accessible. Select Open Airflow UI to view the Airflow UI. DAGs are robotically synced from the S3 bucket and visual within the UI. Nevertheless, at this stage, there are not any DAGs within the S3 folder.

Add the shopper managed coverage AmazonMWAAFullConsoleAccess, which grants Airflow customers permissions to entry AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) assets, and fix this coverage to the Amazon MWAA position. For extra data, see Accessing an Amazon MWAA environment.

The insurance policies hooked up to the Amazon MWAA position have full entry and should solely be used for testing functions in a safe take a look at atmosphere. For manufacturing deployments, observe the least privilege precept.

Arrange the atmosphere

This part outlines the steps to configure the atmosphere. The method entails the next high-level steps:

1. Replace any mandatory suppliers.
2. Arrange cross-account entry.
3. Set up a VPC peering connection between the Amazon MWAA VPC and Amazon Redshift VPC.
4. Configure Secrets and techniques Supervisor to combine with Amazon MWAA.
5. Outline Airflow connections.

Replace the suppliers

Comply with the steps on this part in case your model of Amazon MWAA is lower than 2.8.1 (the most recent model as of penning this put up).

Suppliers are packages which might be maintained by the neighborhood and embody all of the core operators, hooks, and sensors for a given service. The Amazon supplier is used to work together with AWS companies like Amazon S3, Amazon Redshift Serverless, AWS Glue, and extra. There are over 200 modules throughout the Amazon supplier.

Though the model of Airflow supported in Amazon MWAA is 2.6.3, which comes bundled with the Amazon supplied bundle model 8.2.0, assist for Amazon Redshift Serverless was not added till the Amazon supplied bundle model 8.4.0. As a result of the default bundled supplier model is older than when Redshift Serverless assist was launched, the supplier model have to be upgraded as a way to use that performance.

Step one is to replace the constraints file and necessities.txt file with the right variations. Consult with Specifying newer provider packages for steps to replace the Amazon supplier bundle.

1. Specify the necessities as follows:

   --constraint "/usr/native/airflow/dags/constraints-3.10-mod.txt"
   apache-airflow-providers-amazon==8.4.0

2. Replace the model within the constraints file to eight.4.0 or greater.
3. Add the constraints-3.11-updated.txt file to the /dags folder.

Consult with Apache Airflow versions on Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow for proper variations of the constraints file relying on the Airflow model.

4. Navigate to the Amazon MWAA atmosphere and select Edit.
5. Beneath DAG code in Amazon S3, for Necessities file, select the most recent model.
6. Select Save.

It will replace the atmosphere and new suppliers will probably be in impact.

7. To confirm the suppliers model, go to Suppliers below the Admin desk.

The model for the Amazon supplier bundle needs to be 8.4.0, as proven within the following screenshot. If not, there was an error whereas loading necessities.txt. To debug any errors, go to the CloudWatch console and open the requirements_install_ip log in Log streams, the place errors are listed. Consult with Enabling logs on the Amazon MWAA console for extra particulars.

Arrange cross-account entry

That you must arrange cross-account insurance policies and roles between Account A and Account B to entry the S3 buckets to load and unload information. Full the next steps:

1. In Account A, configure the bucket coverage for bucket sample-inp-bucket-etl-<username> to grant permissions to the AWS Glue and Amazon MWAA roles in Account B for objects in bucket sample-inp-bucket-etl-<username>:

   {
       "Model": "2012-10-17",
       "Assertion": [
           {
               "Effect": "Allow",
               "Principal": {
                   "AWS": [
                       "arn:aws:iam::<account-id-of- AcctB>:role/service-role/<Glue-role>",
                       "arn:aws:iam::<account-id-of-AcctB>:role/service-role/<MWAA-role>"
                   ]
               },
               "Motion": [
                   "s3:GetObject",
   "s3:PutObject",
   		   "s3:PutObjectAcl",
   		   "s3:ListBucket"
               ],
               "Useful resource": [
                   "arn:aws:s3:::sample-inp-bucket-etl-<username>/*",
                   "arn:aws:s3:::sample-inp-bucket-etl-<username>"
               ]
           }
       ]
   }
   

2. Equally, configure the bucket coverage for bucket sample-opt-bucket-etl-<username> to grant permissions to Amazon MWAA roles in Account B to place objects on this bucket:

   {
       "Model": "2012-10-17",
       "Assertion": [
           {
               "Effect": "Allow",
               "Principal": {
                   "AWS": "arn:aws:iam::<account-id-of-AcctB>:role/service-role/<MWAA-role>"
               },
               "Action": [
                   "s3:GetObject",
                   "s3:PutObject",
                   "s3:PutObjectAcl",
                   "s3:ListBucket"
               ],
               "Useful resource": [
                   "arn:aws:s3:::sample-opt-bucket-etl-<username>/*",
                   "arn:aws:s3:::sample-opt-bucket-etl-<username>"
               ]
           }
       ]
   }
   

3. In Account A, create an IAM coverage referred to as policy_for_roleA, which permits mandatory Amazon S3 actions on the output bucket:

   {
       "Model": "2012-10-17",
       "Assertion": [
           {
               "Sid": "VisualEditor0",
               "Effect": "Allow",
               "Action": [
                   "kms:Decrypt",
                   "kms:Encrypt",
                   "kms:GenerateDataKey"
               ],
               "Useful resource": [
                   "<KMS_KEY_ARN_Used_for_S3_encryption>"
               ]
           },
           {
               "Sid": "VisualEditor1",
               "Impact": "Permit",
               "Motion": [
                   "s3:PutObject",
                   "s3:GetObject",
                   "s3:GetBucketAcl",
                   "s3:GetBucketCors",
                   "s3:GetEncryptionConfiguration",
                   "s3:GetBucketLocation",
                   "s3:ListAllMyBuckets",
                   "s3:ListBucket",
                   "s3:ListBucketMultipartUploads",
                   "s3:ListBucketVersions",
                   "s3:ListMultipartUploadParts"
               ],
               "Useful resource": [
                   "arn:aws:s3:::sample-opt-bucket-etl-<username>",
                   "arn:aws:s3:::sample-opt-bucket-etl-<username>/*"
               ]
           }
       ]
   }

4. Create a brand new IAM position referred to as RoleA with Account B because the trusted entity position and add this coverage to the position. This permits Account B to imagine RoleA to carry out mandatory Amazon S3 actions on the output bucket.
5. In Account B, create an IAM coverage referred to as s3-cross-account-access with permission to entry objects within the bucket sample-inp-bucket-etl-<username>, which is in Account A.
6. Add this coverage to the AWS Glue position and Amazon MWAA position:

   {
       "Model": "2012-10-17",
       "Assertion": [
           {
               "Effect": "Allow",
               "Action": [
                   "s3:GetObject",
                   "s3:PutObject",
                   "s3:PutObjectAcl"
               ],
               "Useful resource": "arn:aws:s3:::sample-inp-bucket-etl-<username>/*"
           }
       ]
   }

7. In Account B, create the IAM coverage policy_for_roleB specifying Account A as a trusted entity. The next is the belief coverage to imagine RoleA in Account A:

   {
       "Model": "2012-10-17",
       "Assertion": [
           {
               "Sid": "CrossAccountPolicy",
               "Effect": "Allow",
               "Action": "sts:AssumeRole",
               "Resource": "arn:aws:iam::<account-id-of-AcctA>:role/RoleA"
           }
       ]
   }

8. Create a brand new IAM position referred to as RoleB with Amazon Redshift because the trusted entity sort and add this coverage to the position. This permits RoleB to imagine RoleA in Account A and likewise to be assumable by Amazon Redshift.
9. Connect RoleB to the Redshift Serverless namespace, so Amazon Redshift can write objects to the S3 output bucket in Account A.
10. Connect the coverage policy_for_roleB to the Amazon MWAA position, which permits Amazon MWAA to entry the output bucket in Account A.

Consult with How do I provide cross-account access to objects that are in Amazon S3 buckets? for extra particulars on organising cross-account entry to things in Amazon S3 from AWS Glue and Amazon MWAA. Consult with How do I COPY or UNLOAD data from Amazon Redshift to an Amazon S3 bucket in another account? for extra particulars on organising roles to unload information from Amazon Redshift to Amazon S3 from Amazon MWAA.

Arrange VPC peering between the Amazon MWAA and Amazon Redshift VPCs

As a result of Amazon MWAA and Amazon Redshift are in two separate VPCs, you should arrange VPC peering between them. You need to add a path to the route tables related to the subnets for each companies. Consult with Work with VPC peering connections for particulars on VPC peering.

Make it possible for CIDR vary of the Amazon MWAA VPC is allowed within the Redshift safety group and the CIDR vary of the Amazon Redshift VPC is allowed within the Amazon MWAA safety group, as proven within the following screenshot.

If any of the previous steps are configured incorrectly, you’re more likely to encounter a “Connection Timeout” error within the DAG run.

Configure the Amazon MWAA reference to Secrets and techniques Supervisor

When the Amazon MWAA pipeline is configured to make use of Secrets and techniques Supervisor, it would first search for connections and variables in an alternate backend (like Secrets and techniques Supervisor). If the alternate backend comprises the wanted worth, it’s returned. In any other case, it would test the metadata database for the worth and return that as a substitute. For extra particulars, confer with Configuring an Apache Airflow connection using an AWS Secrets Manager secret.

Full the next steps:

1. Configure a VPC endpoint to hyperlink Amazon MWAA and Secrets and techniques Supervisor (com.amazonaws.us-east-1.secretsmanager).

This permits Amazon MWAA to entry credentials saved in Secrets and techniques Supervisor.

2. To offer Amazon MWAA with permission to entry Secrets and techniques Supervisor secret keys, add the coverage referred to as SecretsManagerReadWrite to the IAM position of the atmosphere.
3. To create the Secrets and techniques Supervisor backend as an Apache Airflow configuration choice, go to the Airflow configuration choices, add the next key-value pairs, and save your settings.

This configures Airflow to search for connection strings and variables on the airflow/connections/* and airflow/variables/* paths:

secrets and techniques.backend: airflow.suppliers.amazon.aws.secrets and techniques.secrets_manager.SecretsManagerBackend secrets and techniques.backend_kwargs: {"connections_prefix" : "airflow/connections", "variables_prefix" : "airflow/variables"}

4. To generate an Airflow connection URI string, go to AWS CloudShell and enter right into a Python shell.
5. Run the next code to generate the connection URI string:

   import urllib.parse
   conn_type="redshift"
   host="sample-workgroup.<account-id-of-AcctB>.us-east-1.redshift-serverless.amazonaws.com" #Specify the Amazon Redshift workgroup endpoint
   port="5439"
   login = 'admin' #Specify the username to make use of for authentication with Amazon Redshift
   password = '<password>' #Specify the password to make use of for authentication with Amazon Redshift
   role_arn = urllib.parse.quote_plus('arn:aws:iam::<account_id>:position/service-role/<MWAA-role>')
   database="dev"
   area = 'us-east-1' #YOUR_REGION
   conn_string = '{0}://{1}:{2}@{3}:{4}?role_arn={5}&database={6}&area={7}'.format(conn_type, login, password, host, port, role_arn, database, area)
   print(conn_string)
   

The connection string needs to be generated as follows:

redshift://admin:<password>@sample-workgroup.<account_id>.us-east-1.redshift-serverless.amazonaws.com:5439?role_arn=<MWAA position ARN>&database=dev&area=<area>

6. Add the connection in Secrets and techniques Supervisor utilizing the next command within the AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI).

This will also be performed from the Secrets and techniques Supervisor console. This will probably be added in Secrets and techniques Supervisor as plaintext.

aws secretsmanager create-secret --name airflow/connections/secrets_redshift_connection --description "Apache Airflow to Redshift Cluster" --secret-string "redshift://admin:<password>@sample-workgroup.<account_id>.us-east-1.redshift-serverless.amazonaws.com:5439?role_arn=<MWAA position ARN>&database=dev&area=us-east-1" --region=us-east-1

Use the connection airflow/connections/secrets_redshift_connection within the DAG. When the DAG is run, it would search for this connection and retrieve the secrets and techniques from Secrets and techniques Supervisor. In case of RedshiftDataOperator, go the secret_arn as a parameter as a substitute of connection title.

You can even add secrets and techniques utilizing the Secrets and techniques Supervisor console as key-value pairs.

7. Add one other secret in Secrets and techniques Supervisor in and put it aside as airflow/connections/redshift_conn_test.

Create an Airflow connection by way of the metadata database

You can even create connections within the UI. On this case, the connection particulars will probably be saved in an Airflow metadata database. If the Amazon MWAA atmosphere just isn’t configured to make use of the Secrets and techniques Supervisor backend, it would test the metadata database for the worth and return that. You may create an Airflow connection utilizing the UI, AWS CLI, or API. On this part, we present tips on how to create a connection utilizing the Airflow UI.

1. For Connection Id, enter a reputation for the connection.
2. For Connection Kind, select Amazon Redshift.
3. For Host, enter the Redshift endpoint (with out port and database) for Redshift Serverless.
4. For Database, enter dev.
5. For Person, enter your admin person title.
6. For Password, enter your password.
7. For Port, use port 5439.
8. For Further, set the area and timeout parameters.
9. Take a look at the connection, then save your settings.

Create and run a DAG

On this part, we describe tips on how to create a DAG utilizing varied parts. After you create and run the DAG, you possibly can confirm the outcomes by querying Redshift tables and checking the goal S3 buckets.

Create a DAG

In Airflow, information pipelines are outlined in Python code as DAGs. We create a DAG that consists of assorted operators, sensors, connections, duties, and guidelines:

• The DAG begins with on the lookout for supply information within the S3 bucket sample-inp-bucket-etl-<username> below Account A for the present day utilizing S3KeySensor. S3KeySensor is used to attend for one or a number of keys to be current in an S3 bucket.
  • For instance, our S3 bucket is partitioned as s3://bucket/merchandise/YYYY/MM/DD/, so our sensor ought to test for folders with the present date. We derived the present date within the DAG and handed this to S3KeySensor, which seems to be for any new information within the present day folder.
  • We additionally set wildcard_match as True, which allows searches on bucket_key to be interpreted as a Unix wildcard sample. Set the mode to reschedule in order that the sensor job frees the employee slot when the standards just isn’t met and it’s rescheduled at a later time. As a greatest apply, use this mode when poke_interval is greater than 1 minute to stop an excessive amount of load on a scheduler.
• After the file is offered within the S3 bucket, the AWS Glue crawler runs utilizing GlueCrawlerOperator to crawl the S3 supply bucket sample-inp-bucket-etl-<username> below Account A and updates the desk metadata below the products_db database within the Information Catalog. The crawler makes use of the AWS Glue position and Information Catalog database that had been created within the earlier steps.
• The DAG makes use of GlueCrawlerSensor to attend for the crawler to finish.
• When the crawler job is full, GlueJobOperator is used to run the AWS Glue job. The AWS Glue script title (together with location) and is handed to the operator together with the AWS Glue IAM position. Different parameters like GlueVersion, NumberofWorkers, and WorkerType are handed utilizing the create_job_kwargs parameter.
• The DAG makes use of GlueJobSensor to attend for the AWS Glue job to finish. When it’s full, the Redshift staging desk merchandise will probably be loaded with information from the S3 file.
• You may connect with Amazon Redshift from Airflow utilizing three completely different operators:
  • PythonOperator.
  • SQLExecuteQueryOperator, which makes use of a PostgreSQL connection and redshift_default because the default connection.
  • RedshiftDataOperator, which makes use of the Redshift Information API and aws_default because the default connection.

In our DAG, we use SQLExecuteQueryOperator and RedshiftDataOperator to indicate tips on how to use these operators. The Redshift saved procedures are run RedshiftDataOperator. The DAG additionally runs SQL instructions in Amazon Redshift to delete the info from the staging desk utilizing SQLExecuteQueryOperator.

As a result of we configured our Amazon MWAA atmosphere to search for connections in Secrets and techniques Supervisor, when the DAG runs, it retrieves the Redshift connection particulars like person title, password, host, port, and Area from Secrets and techniques Supervisor. If the connection just isn’t present in Secrets and techniques Supervisor, the values are retrieved from the default connections.

In SQLExecuteQueryOperator, we go the connection title that we created in Secrets and techniques Supervisor. It seems to be for airflow/connections/secrets_redshift_connection and retrieves the secrets and techniques from Secrets and techniques Supervisor. If Secrets and techniques Supervisor just isn’t arrange, the connection created manually (for instance, redshift-conn-id) could be handed.

In RedshiftDataOperator, we go the secret_arn of the airflow/connections/redshift_conn_test connection created in Secrets and techniques Supervisor as a parameter.

• As closing job, RedshiftToS3Operator is used to unload information from the Redshift desk to an S3 bucket sample-opt-bucket-etl in Account B. airflow/connections/redshift_conn_test from Secrets and techniques Supervisor is used for unloading the info.
• TriggerRule is ready to ALL_DONE, which allows the subsequent step to run in spite of everything upstream duties are full.
• The dependency of duties is outlined utilizing the chain() perform, which permits for parallel runs of duties if wanted. In our case, we wish all duties to run in sequence.

The next is the entire DAG code. The dag_id ought to match the DAG script title, in any other case it received’t be synced into the Airflow UI.

from datetime import datetime
from airflow import DAG 
from airflow.decorators import job
from airflow.fashions.baseoperator import chain
from airflow.suppliers.amazon.aws.sensors.s3 import S3KeySensor
from airflow.suppliers.amazon.aws.operators.glue import GlueJobOperator
from airflow.suppliers.amazon.aws.operators.glue_crawler import GlueCrawlerOperator
from airflow.suppliers.amazon.aws.sensors.glue import GlueJobSensor
from airflow.suppliers.amazon.aws.sensors.glue_crawler import GlueCrawlerSensor
from airflow.suppliers.amazon.aws.operators.redshift_data import RedshiftDataOperator
from airflow.suppliers.frequent.sql.operators.sql import SQLExecuteQueryOperator
from airflow.suppliers.amazon.aws.transfers.redshift_to_s3 import RedshiftToS3Operator
from airflow.utils.trigger_rule import TriggerRule


dag_id = "data_pipeline"
vYear = datetime.as we speak().strftime("%Y")
vMonth = datetime.as we speak().strftime("%m")
vDay = datetime.as we speak().strftime("%d")
src_bucket_name = "sample-inp-bucket-etl-<username>"
tgt_bucket_name = "sample-opt-bucket-etl-<username>"
s3_folder="merchandise"
#Please substitute the variable with the glue_role_arn
glue_role_arn_key = "arn:aws:iam::<account_id>:position/<Glue-role>"
glue_crawler_name = "merchandise"
glue_db_name = "products_db"
glue_job_name = "sample_glue_job"
glue_script_location="s3://aws-glue-assets-<account_id>-<area>/scripts/sample_glue_job.py"
workgroup_name = "sample-workgroup"
redshift_table = "products_f"
redshift_conn_id_name="secrets_redshift_connection"
db_name = "dev"
secret_arn="arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-1:<account_id>:secret:airflow/connections/redshift_conn_test-xxxx"
poll_interval = 10

@job
def get_role_name(arn: str) -> str:
    return arn.cut up("/")[-1]

@job
def get_s3_loc(s3_folder: str) -> str:
    s3_loc  = s3_folder + "/yr=" + vYear + "/month=" + vMonth + "/day=" + vDay + "/*.csv"
    return s3_loc

with DAG(
    dag_id=dag_id,
    schedule="@as soon as",
    start_date=datetime(2021, 1, 1),
    tags=["example"],
    catchup=False,
) as dag:
    role_arn = glue_role_arn_key
    glue_role_name = get_role_name(role_arn)
    s3_loc = get_s3_loc(s3_folder)


    # Verify for brand spanking new incremental information in S3 supply/enter bucket
    sensor_key = S3KeySensor(
        task_id="sensor_key",
        bucket_key=s3_loc,
        bucket_name=src_bucket_name,
        wildcard_match=True,
        #timeout=18*60*60,
        #poke_interval=120,
        timeout=60,
        poke_interval=30,
        mode="reschedule"
    )

    # Run Glue crawler
    glue_crawler_config = {
        "Title": glue_crawler_name,
        "Function": role_arn,
        "DatabaseName": glue_db_name,
    }

    crawl_s3 = GlueCrawlerOperator(
        task_id="crawl_s3",
        config=glue_crawler_config,
    )

    # GlueCrawlerOperator waits by default, setting as False to check the Sensor beneath.
    crawl_s3.wait_for_completion = False

    # Look ahead to Glue crawler to finish
    wait_for_crawl = GlueCrawlerSensor(
        task_id="wait_for_crawl",
        crawler_name=glue_crawler_name,
    )

    # Run Glue Job
    submit_glue_job = GlueJobOperator(
        task_id="submit_glue_job",
        job_name=glue_job_name,
        script_location=glue_script_location,
        iam_role_name=glue_role_name,
        create_job_kwargs={"GlueVersion": "4.0", "NumberOfWorkers": 10, "WorkerType": "G.1X"},
    )

    # GlueJobOperator waits by default, setting as False to check the Sensor beneath.
    submit_glue_job.wait_for_completion = False

    # Look ahead to Glue Job to finish
    wait_for_job = GlueJobSensor(
        task_id="wait_for_job",
        job_name=glue_job_name,
        # Job ID extracted from earlier Glue Job Operator job
        run_id=submit_glue_job.output,
        verbose=True,  # prints glue job logs in airflow logs
    )

    wait_for_job.poke_interval = 5

    # Execute the Saved Process in Redshift Serverless utilizing Information Operator
    execute_redshift_stored_proc = RedshiftDataOperator(
        task_id="execute_redshift_stored_proc",
        database=db_name,
        workgroup_name=workgroup_name,
        secret_arn=secret_arn,
        sql="""CALL sp_products();""",
        poll_interval=poll_interval,
        wait_for_completion=True,
    )

    # Execute the Saved Process in Redshift Serverless utilizing SQL Operator
    delete_from_table = SQLExecuteQueryOperator(
        task_id="delete_from_table",
        conn_id=redshift_conn_id_name,
        sql="DELETE FROM merchandise;",
        trigger_rule=TriggerRule.ALL_DONE,
    )

    # Unload the info from Redshift desk to S3
    transfer_redshift_to_s3 = RedshiftToS3Operator(
        task_id="transfer_redshift_to_s3",
        s3_bucket=tgt_bucket_name,
        s3_key=s3_loc,
        schema="PUBLIC",
        desk=redshift_table,
        redshift_conn_id=redshift_conn_id_name,
    )

    transfer_redshift_to_s3.trigger_rule = TriggerRule.ALL_DONE

    #Chain the duties to be executed
    chain(
        sensor_key,
        crawl_s3,
        wait_for_crawl,
        submit_glue_job,
        wait_for_job,
        execute_redshift_stored_proc,
        delete_from_table,
        transfer_redshift_to_s3
        )
    

Confirm the DAG run

After you create the DAG file (substitute the variables within the DAG script) and add it to the s3://sample-airflow-instance/dags folder, it is going to be robotically synced with the Airflow UI. All DAGs seem on the DAGs tab. Toggle the ON choice to make the DAG runnable. As a result of our DAG is ready to schedule="@as soon as", you should manually run the job by selecting the run icon below Actions. When the DAG is full, the standing is up to date in inexperienced, as proven within the following screenshot.

Within the Hyperlinks part, there are alternatives to view the code, graph, grid, log, and extra. Select Graph to visualise the DAG in a graph format. As proven within the following screenshot, every coloration of the node denotes a selected operator, and the colour of the node define denotes a selected standing.

Confirm the outcomes

On the Amazon Redshift console, navigate to the Query Editor v2 and choose the info within the products_f desk. The desk needs to be loaded and have the identical variety of information as S3 information.

On the Amazon S3 console, navigate to the S3 bucket s3://sample-opt-bucket-etl in Account B. The product_f information needs to be created below the folder construction s3://sample-opt-bucket-etl/merchandise/YYYY/MM/DD/.

Clear up

Clear up the assets created as a part of this put up to keep away from incurring ongoing expenses:

1. Delete the CloudFormation stacks and S3 bucket that you just created as conditions.
2. Delete the VPCs and VPC peering connections, cross-account insurance policies and roles, and secrets and techniques in Secrets and techniques Supervisor.

Conclusion

With Amazon MWAA, you possibly can construct advanced workflows utilizing Airflow and Python with out managing clusters, nodes, or every other operational overhead sometimes related to deploying and scaling Airflow in manufacturing. On this put up, we confirmed how Amazon MWAA supplies an automatic technique to ingest, remodel, analyze, and distribute information between completely different accounts and companies inside AWS. For extra examples of different AWS operators, confer with the next GitHub repository; we encourage you to study extra by making an attempt out a few of these examples.

In regards to the Authors

Radhika Jakkula is a Large Information Prototyping Options Architect at AWS. She helps clients construct prototypes utilizing AWS analytics companies and purpose-built databases. She is a specialist in assessing big selection of necessities and making use of related AWS companies, massive information instruments, and frameworks to create a sturdy structure.

Sidhanth Muralidhar is a Principal Technical Account Supervisor at AWS. He works with massive enterprise clients who run their workloads on AWS. He’s obsessed with working with clients and serving to them architect workloads for prices, reliability, efficiency, and operational excellence at scale of their cloud journey. He has a eager curiosity in information analytics as nicely.